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MIDZY PRAWD A FAASZEM 57
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Summary
Between the truth and lies. A status of Serbo-Croatian
after collapse of Yugoslavia
In the period of the communist Yugoslavia, Serbo-Croatian was one of the
three official languages of the state, acting as a native language of four nations:
Serbs, Croats, Bosnians and Montenegrins. After the collapse of the Yugoslav
state in the late twentieth century, this language has been officially abolished,
and the Slavic studies began discussion of its status. In these debates the issue of
a complex identity of language is usually ignored, which gave rise to objections
as to the description of the new situation of Serbo-Croatian. The discussion was
also hampered by the erroneous practice of hypostatizing and dichotomizing the
described language phenomena. At the moment there are two main approaches
towards the notion of the Serbo-Croatian language. According to the first one,
Serbo-Croatian is still a really existing standard language, with four national va-
riants (Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian and Montenegrin) within which these variants
officially have the status of separate languages (the polycentral theory). Accor-
ding to the second concept, there are now four distinct standard languages (Ser-
bian, Croatian, Bosnian and Montenegrin) and Serbo-Croatian is only an abstract
name of the dialectal base for these four languages (polylinguistic theory). The
adoption of one of the theories depends on an accepted model of the hierarchy of
the functioning plains of a standard language.
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