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with.
222. e. This is the best answer because it is the only sentence that makes sense.
223. d. The comparison in this sentence between the U.S. and Europe requires as . . . as. Choice
d does this while at the same time creating a sentence that is clear and logical.
224. a. Commas should be used so that ambiguity can be avoided.
225. d. In this complex sentence, c is the only choice that results in a complete sentence. The
other choices are sentence fragments.
SET 16 (Page 43)
226. a. The verbs got and took agree in tense.
227. d. The verbs liked and got agree in tense.
228. a. Became and eating are the correct forms of the verbs.
229. a. This is a complete sentence; the others are fragments.
230. d. This is a complete sentence; the others are fragments.
231. b. This is a complete sentence; c and d are fragments; in a the verb does not agree in
number with its subject, one.
232. b. This is a complete sentence; the others are fragments.
233. a. This sentence is clearest. In b, the speaker likes his/her sister better than fish. Answer c is
just plain confusing. Answer d has an unclear pronoun: it probably refers to fish, but who can
tell?
234. a. In answer b, the cat seems to be renting the room. In c, it's unclear whether he refers to
the cat or to Mr. Morris; answer d implies that Mr. Morris rented himself a room.
235. d. In a, the lack of agreement in tense makes the sentence unclear as to time; b doesn't make
it clear who ate the popcorn; c implies that the popcorn watched the movie.
SET 17 (Page 45)
236. c. This is a sentence fragment.
237. a. This sentence has faulty subordination; the word going should be deleted.
238. d. There are no errors.
239. b. This is a run-on sentence.
240. c. This sentence has a misplaced modifier, which makes the statement illogical. The
sentence should read: Last fall we visited the house where President George Washington
lived.
241. d. There are no errors.
242. c. The connecting word between the two clauses creates an illogical statement. The word
unless should be changed to the word but.
243. a. This is a run-on sentence.
244. b. This is a sentence fragment.
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245. d. There are no errors.
246. a. This sentence makes an illogical shift in tense from the past to the present tense.
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Page 134
247. d. There are no errors.
248. b. This sentence has a faulty shift in construction; the word that should be omitted from the
sentence.
SET 18 (Page 47)
249. d. This answer establishes the causal relationship between the two sentences.
250. b. The transitional word whereas correctly establishes a contrast.
251. c. The transitional word although correctly establishes a contrast.
252. c. This answer establishes the causal relationship between the two sentences.
253. a. The transitional word however correctly establishes a contrast.
254. a. The transitional word furthermore correctly indicates the addition of one unpleasant trait
to another. Answer d is wrong because not all crooks have unpleasant personalities.
255. a. The conjunction but means "on the contrary," and indicates that the two negatives in the
first main clause will be followed by their opposite or opposites in the second: never had food
fights or ditched classes . . . (but) did smoke. Choice b makes an illogical connection. Choice
d is unclear.
256. c. The conjunction but indicates that the first main clause will be followed by something
that indicates an opposite or contrast: must be frightening . . . (but) cannot be as frightening
as.
257. d. The conjunction so indicates causality. The first main clause causes the second. Choice a,
although it does indicate causality, is ungrammatical. Choice c is unclear.
258. b. The conjunction yet lets the reader know that a contrast is coming: is not usually . . . (yet)
it can. (Choice c is unclear.)
259. d. The conjunction and in this sentence indicates also. Choice a is wrong because it is a
sentence fragment. Choice b makes no sense; choice c prepares the reader for a contrast or
opposite, but there is none: narcolepsy is occurs in both main clauses.
260. b. The conjunction yet sets the reader up for a contrast or opposite: much interest
throughout the ages . . . (yet) scientific study . . . is . . . new. (Choices a and c are incomplete
sentences.)
SET 19 (Page 50)
261. c. The conjunction but sets the reader up for a contrast or opposite: TV passive . . . (but)
computer game active.
262. b. The conjunction so indicates a causal relationship: Socrates taught [something obviously
controversial], . . . so he was . . . both loved and . . . hated. Choice c is incorrect because it
has a misplaced modifier.
263. a. The conjunction for in this sentence means "because" and prepares the reader for a logical
causal relationship. (Choice d is a run-on sentence.)
264. a. The conjunction so indicates that there is a causal relationship between the two main
clauses.
265. d. The conjunctionyet prepares the reader for a contrast: respected, yet . . . imprisoned.
(Choice b is wrong because it is unclear.)
266. c. In this sentence, the conjunction for means "because" and sets up a logical causal
relationship: new shoes . . . (for) Donnie will be upset if . . . flip-flops.
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267. c. The conjunction so indicates a logical causal relationship between the first main clause
and the second: loaded with money, (so) she can afford.
268. b. The conjunction but sets the reader up for an opposite or contrast: it is possible . . . (but)
unlikely. (Choices c and d make no sense.)
269. c. The word Unless sets up the causal relationship between the two clauses in the sentence.
The other choices are illogical.
270. a. Although is the subordinating conjunction that establishes a contrast and makes most
sense. The other choices do not make sense.
271. d. The subordinator but contrasts the main clause and subordinate clause in a logical way.
Choices a, b, and c do not make sense.
272. d. Choice d is most economical of the choices and makes the most sense.
SET 20 (Page 53)
273. c. Even though is the most logical subordinating phrase, showing a contrast. The other
choices are not only illogical but ungrammatical.
274. b. In this choice, the subordinate clause makes sense. Choice b is also the least wordy of the
choices. In choices a and d, the subordinators are illogical. Choice c contains a misplaced
modifier (Plato believed; Plato's idea could not believe.)
275. a. The word despite establishes a logical connection between the main and subordinate
clauses. Whereupon and so that (choices b and c) make no sense. Choice d is both illogical
and ungrammatical.
276. c. The subordinator because in choice c establishes the logical causal relationship between
subordinate and main clause; choices a and b do not make sense. Choice d has faulty
construction.
277. b. Whereas (in choice b) is the logical subordinator, establishing contrast. The others make
no sense.
278. b. The subordinators after (choice a), whereupon (choice c), and unless (choice d) do not
make sense. Although the word but (choice b) can be used as a coordinating conjunction,
here it is a subordinator, logically connecting subordinate and main clause.
279. c. The subordinator although shows a logical contrasting relationship between subordinate
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